Description

Extended Data

DAAO URL

https://www.daao.org.au/bio/frederick-robert-nixon

Birth Place

England, United Kingdom

Biography

cartoonist, sketcher, etcher, journalist and surveyor, was born in England. Appointed an assistant surveyor for South Australia in 1837, he arrived at Port Adelaide from London in the Trusty on 15 May 1838 and took up his duties in the Surveyor-General’s Office the following month. The appointment was brief. In a disagreement with Deputy-Surveyor George Kingston separate from that which saw most of the surveying staff resign, Nixon relinquished his post on 18 July 1838. Subsequently reinstated on 17 October 1838, he was appointed surveyor with the assurance of fieldwork, the issue over which he had resigned. On 16 March 1841 he became superintendent of emigrant working parties. Nixon remained with the government for the rest of his time in Adelaide, applying to join the local police force in November 1845. He purchased land in 1841-45 on which in 1843 he constructed the second windmill in South Australia. Then, on 10 May 1846, Nixon and a 'female friend’ slipped quietly out of Adelaide in the Roseanna , bound for Mauritius. He published Sketches in Mauritius in 1848 and for about ten years (1850-60) worked there as a surveyor. In March 1853, when said to be aged thirty-six, he was appointed guardian of woods and forest. According to records in Mauritius, he died in 1860 while absent on leave. While in South Australia F.R. Nixon took more than a passing interest in the Adelaide cultural scene. He contributed articles to local newspapers and magazines and was a friend of the influential citizen and art patron Thomas Wilson. A staunch opponent of convictism, he wrote in the South Australian Odd Fellows Magazine of January 1845: 'A society composed of men who have been criminals, and who mingle even with those who never have been transported, cannot ever be respectable in the highest sense of the word, or be anything else than what it is—low, suspicious and exclusive’. Nixon was known as a draughtsman in Adelaide, but he had had to teach himself etching techniques and skills. When the South Australian of 21 February 1845 noted the publication of his Views on Adelaide and its Vicinity (Adelaide 1845), it commented: 'As Mr Nixon is self-taught in his art and had to manufacture all his machinery for preparing and pressing his etchings, he deserves the greatest credit for his industry, perseverance and skill’. The twelve views, which cost one guinea and included plates such as The South Australia Company’s Mill on the Torrens and Port Adelaide in 1845, Mount Lofty in the Distance , were initially favourably received. The South Australian felt the etchings to be superior works of art which 'accurately as well as pleasingly depict the scenes which they represent’. The South Australian Register of 28 January 1845 noted, however, that 'although not equal to what might be brought out in London, they are very creditable colonial productions’. However, he was injudicious in his comments on George French Angas ' exhibition, held in Adelaide on 17 June 1845, writing that Angas’ watercolours were 'essentially limited’. He thought it a pity that 'another artist of less celebrity but real talent’, S.T. Gill , had not undertaken the landscapes for the publication South Australia Illustrated . The next day the South Australian Register strongly rebuked him: 'Mr N.F.R. is known to be Mr F.R. Nixon who some time ago practised a gross imposition on the colonists by the publication of twelve views around Adelaide at a guinea, which were not intrinsically worth a farthing’. This was not a justifiable attack. Of considerable historic interest today, the twelve views reveal skill in composition and an understanding of etching. His only other work in this medium is Ridley’s Reaping Machine, 1845 (AGSA). He was also a fine watercolourist, as evidenced in his striking Adelaide from the North West with Trinity Church in the Background (1845, NLA). Finally, he did lively comic drawings; an album signed 'F.N.’ (Mortlock Library) contains seventeen humorous watercolour sketches and caricatures of the local militia, including the b/w Leapfrog (ill. DAA). Writers: Cusack, Frank Date written: 1992 Last updated: 2011

Born

b. c.1817

Summary

Colonial era Adelaide cartoonist, sketcher, etcher, journalist and surveyor.

Gender

Male

Died

1860

Age at death

43