TLCMap Gazetteer of Historical Australian Places

Layer

Name	Humanitarians in the Antipodes: Flinders Island
Description	A visualisation of the investigative tours of British Quakers, James Backhouse and George Washington Walker, who were 'travelling under concern' in the Southern oceans in 1830s. This section relates to several visits to Flinders Island, Van Dieman's Land.
Type	Journey
Content Warning
Contributor	Heidi Ing
Entries	26
Allow ANPS?	No
Added to System	2024-06-18 17:40:42
Updated in System	2024-06-18 17:41:31

Subject	colonialism, religious society of friends, quakers, colonial history, james backhouse, george washington walker, transnational human rights activism
Creator	Penny Edmonds
Publisher
Contact	penny.edmonds@flinders.edu.au
Citation
DOI
Source URL	https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634
Linkback
Date From	1832-09-25
Date To	1832-10-19
Image

Latitude From
Longitude From
Latitude To
Longitude To
Language	English
License
Usage Rights
Date Created (externally)

The cutter Charlotte 'beat up between Maria Island and the main land' until the evening when they 'were cheered by lights on the coast, at the house of a settler, and at a whaling station, in Spring Bay'.

Placename: Spring Bay, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-42.1167447

Longitude

148.1632042

Start Date

1832-09-29

End Date

1832-09-29

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 72
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td1296

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Backhouse and Walker received the sanction of the Lieutenant Governor to visit the 'Establishment' for Aboriginal people on Flinders Island in Bass Strait, and embarked in the 'Charlotte' cutter under the command of John Thornloe from Doncaster.

Placename: Sullivans Cove, Hobart, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-42.88644076

Longitude

147.3433069

Start Date

1832-09-25

End Date

1832-09-25

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: John Thornloe
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 71
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td1292

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

In the evening they 'passed Cape Raoul or Basaltes, a a magnificent mass of perpendicular basaltic columns, forming the south west point of Tasmans Peninsula'.

Placename: Cape Raoul, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-43.24606476

Longitude

147.7958065

Start Date

1832-09-26

End Date

1832-09-26

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 71
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td1293

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

The cutter Charlotte 'put into Port Arthur, a penal settlement lately formed to receive prisoners' who had been transferred from a penal settlement on Maria Island.

Placename: Carnarvon Bay, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-43.14805637

Longitude

147.8579674

Start Date

1832-09-27

End Date

1832-09-27

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Convicts
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 71
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td1294

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Near Cape Pillar the cutter Charlotte 'fell in with the barque Bolina, of London, on her passage from New Zealand'.

Placename: Cape Pillar, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-43.25310792

Longitude

148.0104781

Start Date

1832-09-28

End Date

1832-09-28

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 72
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td1295

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

One of the cutter's crew was a 'prisoner having a ticket of leave, who had been educated in a school on the system of the British and Foreign School Society, at Norwich', and retained 'a sense of the kindness they met with from Joseph John Gurney, Peter Bedford, Elizabeth Fry, and some others of our friends in England'.

Placename: Spring Bay, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-42.13613698

Longitude

148.2225143

Start Date

1832-09-30

End Date

1832-09-30

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Joseph John Gurney; Peter Bedford; Elizabeth Fry; Convicts
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 72
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td1297

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

While 'beating up the coast against a contrary wind' the cutter Charlotte was approached by the brig Helen, which was sailing with sugar from the Isle of France to Sydney. A boat was sent with a request for a bag of biscuit, as the brig Helen had 'run short of this necessary article'.

Placename
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-41.43001048

Longitude

148.3964847

Start Date

1832-10-06

End Date

1832-10-06

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 74
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td1298

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

The approach of the cutter Charlotte to Flinders Island 'was hailed with joy' as supplies were low. Two boats approached, bringing the Commandant, Ensign William J. Darling, and surgeon A. McLachlan to meet the Charlotte.

Placename: Parrys Bay, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.14010969

Longitude

148.0019387

Start Date

1832-10-09

End Date

1832-10-09

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: William James Darling; Archibald MacLachlan
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 77
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td129c

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Arriving at Preservation Island early in the morning, Backhouse and Walker went on shore not far from two huts belonging to sealer James Munro, who lived with an Aboriginal woman named 'Jumbo' as the only permanent residents on the Island. While on Preservation Island Backhouse and Walker interveiwed three sealers and three Aboriginal women who were 'on their way to the coast of New Holland, where, on a number of small islands, they still obtain Fur Seals'. One of the Aboriginal women presented Backhouse and Walker with necklaces of shells.

Placename: Preservation Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.48735826

Longitude

148.0784869

Start Date

1832-10-08

End Date

1832-10-08

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: James Munro; Jumbo; Aboriginal women
Objects: Shell Necklace
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 75
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td1299

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

On Preservation Island sealer James Munro and Aboriginal woman 'Jumbo' raised 'wheat, potatoes, and other vegetables near his house', reared 'goats, pigs and fowls', collected birds and their eggs.

Placename: Preservation Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.48744559

Longitude

148.079096

Start Date

1832-10-08

End Date

1832-10-08

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: James Munro; Jumbo
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 76
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td129a

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Captain John Thornloe had been told 'the settlement on Flinders Island was suffering for want of provisions'. The cutter Charlotte sailed from Preservation Island, assisted by James Munro as pilot, and passed Long Island, Badger Island, Chapel Island, before reaching the anchorage under Green Island, 'the nearest place of safety to the settlement, at which a vessel could lie'.

Placename: Big Green Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.18075994

Longitude

147.9838784

Start Date

1832-10-09

End Date

1832-10-09

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 77
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td129b

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

When Backhouse and Walker were landed on Flinders Island, 'close by the Settlement' a 'considerable number' of Aboriginal people were upon the beach.

Placename: Whitemark Beach, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13671542

Longitude

148.0168555

Start Date

1832-10-09

End Date

1832-10-09

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: William James Darling; Aboriginal people
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 81
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td129d

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

A 'corrobery' was held in which Aboriginal people 'represented certain events, or the manners of different animals: they had a horse dance, an emu dance, a thunder and lightening dance, and many others.'

Placename: Nalinga Creek, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13544562

Longitude

148.0180476

Start Date

1832-10-10

End Date

1832-10-10

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Aboriginal people
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 82
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td129e

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

This day 'a sealer from Guncarriage Island, came and took away a child that he had had' with an Aboriginal woman, and he 'would not be persuaded to leave the little girl under the care' or her mother, 'who was greatly distressed at parting' with her daughter.

Placename: Nalinga Creek, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13593859

Longitude

148.0190139

Start Date

1832-10-10

End Date

1832-10-10

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Aborginal woman
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 83
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td129f

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

At 'The Lagoons' Aboriginal people resided in 'three huts or "breakwinds"' with fires in the centre. When Backhouse and Walker entered a hut, 'the people sat up, and began to sing… with much animation of countenance and gesture', and this was 'kept up to a late hour: they are said often to continue their singing till midnight'.

Placename: Nalinga Creek, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13665018

Longitude

148.020005

Start Date

1832-10-10

End Date

1832-10-10

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Aboriginal people
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 83
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a0

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Aboriginal men were 'rerequested to cease from wearing "bal-de-winny," that is red ochre and grease, in their hair, they had signified a willingness to do so, if they might have some other covering for their heads... Scotch Caps were distributed among them'.

Placename: Nalinga Creek, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13701934

Longitude

148.018772

Start Date

1832-10-11

End Date

1832-10-11

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Aboriginal men
Objects: Scotch Caps
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 83
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a1

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Backhouse and Walker, with WJ Darling, GW Walker, four Aboriginal men and two Aboriginal women, walked to 'Pea Jacket Point'. The Settlement was seen as 'unfit for agriculture and in other respects unfavourable for advancement of civilisation', so a move was planned. The party camped overnight in 'a well sheltered place, by a small streamlet'.

Placename: Palana Road, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.03768615

Longitude

147.9382045

Start Date

1832-10-12

End Date

1832-10-12

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Aboriginal people; William James Darling; George Washington Walker
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 85
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a2

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Pea Jacket Point 'appeared much preferable for a settlement to the Lagoons, being a promontory with a considerable quantity of grassland, sheltered by thick scrub toward the sea, and having access to the mountains behind ; nevertheless fresh water was not so plentiful as was desirable, but sufficient for necessary purposes'.

Placename: Wybalenna, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.01704571

Longitude

147.8737417

Start Date

1832-10-13

End Date

1832-10-13

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 86
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a3

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

On Sunday 14 October 1832 'the white population assembled in a place formed of branches, and used as a chapel', with several Aboriginal people present. In the evening, 'a number of' Aboriginal people joined Backhouse and Walker in the Commandant's hut.

Placename: Nalinga Creek, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13725791

Longitude

148.0189005

Start Date

1832-10-14

End Date

1832-10-14

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Aboriginal people
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 87
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a4

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

An elderly Aboriginal woman who had been named 'Boatswain' by the sealers 'to whom she had long been in bondage', informed Backhouse and Walker 'by means of signs, and a few words in broken English' of the treatment of Aboriginal women by sealers.

Placename: Nalinga Creek, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13583112

Longitude

148.0183537

Start Date

1832-10-14

End Date

1832-10-14

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Aboriginal people; Boatswain
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, pp. 88-89
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a5

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Two Aboriginal women called 'Isaac' and 'Judy' by the sealers, had escaped from Green Island via a cutter's boat, and two other Aboriginal women had 'waded and swam from Green Island to the Settlement―a distance of three miles'.

Placename: Nalinga Creek, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13597435

Longitude

148.0187846

Start Date

1832-10-14

End Date

1832-10-14

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Isaac; Judy; Aboriginal women
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 89
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a6

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Backhouse relates a relationship between 'Roomtya or Bet' and 'Trigoomipoonenah or Jackey' and the supply of food they provided the Commandant.

Placename: Nalinga Creek, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13583828

Longitude

148.0180727

Start Date

1832-10-15

End Date

1832-10-15

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Roomtya (Bet); Trigoomipoonenah (Jackey); Aboriginal women
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 90
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a7

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Backhouse and Walker received 'a few waddies and some shell necklaces' from Aboriginal people and gave 'presents in return'.

Placename: Nalinga Creek, Flinders Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.13579576

Longitude

148.0187211

Start Date

1832-10-16

End Date

1832-10-16

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Aboriginal people
Objects: Waddies; Shell Necklaces
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 90
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a8

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Backhouse and Walker returned to the cutter Charlotte which was moored at Green Island, where they went on shore. While 'on the island one of the women threw some sticks' at James Thornloe, 'on his mentioning her son' who was 'at school at Newtown', as the 'mention of an absent relative is considered offensive... especially if deceased'.

Placename: Big Green Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.18226825

Longitude

147.9801365

Start Date

1832-10-17

End Date

1832-10-18

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: Aboriginal women
Objects: Charlotte
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, pp. 91-93
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12a9

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Sealer James Munro, Aborginal woman 'Jumbo', along with four other Aboriginal people, came on board the Charlotte and 'took tea' with Backhouse and Walker in their cabin.

Placename: Big Green Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.18089244

Longitude

147.9844235

Start Date

1832-10-18

End Date

1832-10-18

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: James Munro; Jumbo; Aboriginal women
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 93
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12aa

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

The Charlotte left Green Island to return sealer James Munro and Aboriginal woman Jumbo to Preservation Island.

Placename: Preservation Island, Tasmania
Type: Other

Details

Latitude

-40.47451055

Longitude

148.0464432

Start Date

1832-10-19

End Date

1832-10-19

Description

Extended Data

Journey_ID: VDL-BS-FI
Journey_Title: Flinders Island
People: James Munro; Jumbo
Source: Backhouse, Narrative of a Visit, p. 93
Link: https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10371634

Sources

TLCMap ID

td12ab

Created At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

Updated At

2024-06-18 17:41:31

All Layers

Layer

C The cutter Charlotte 'beat up between Maria Island and the main land' until the evening when they 'were cheered by lights on the coast, at the house of a settler, and at a whaling station, in Spring Bay'.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C Backhouse and Walker received the sanction of the Lieutenant Governor to visit the 'Establishment' for Aboriginal people on Flinders Island in Bass Strait, and embarked in the 'Charlotte' cutter under the command of John Thornloe from Doncaster.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C In the evening they 'passed Cape Raoul or Basaltes, a a magnificent mass of perpendicular basaltic columns, forming the south west point of Tasmans Peninsula'.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C The cutter Charlotte 'put into Port Arthur, a penal settlement lately formed to receive prisoners' who had been transferred from a penal settlement on Maria Island.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C Near Cape Pillar the cutter Charlotte 'fell in with the barque Bolina, of London, on her passage from New Zealand'.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C While 'beating up the coast against a contrary wind' the cutter Charlotte was approached by the brig Helen, which was sailing with sugar from the Isle of France to Sydney. A boat was sent with a request for a bag of biscuit, as the brig Helen had 'run short of this necessary article'.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C The approach of the cutter Charlotte to Flinders Island 'was hailed with joy' as supplies were low. Two boats approached, bringing the Commandant, Ensign William J. Darling, and surgeon A. McLachlan to meet the Charlotte.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C On Preservation Island sealer James Munro and Aboriginal woman 'Jumbo' raised 'wheat, potatoes, and other vegetables near his house', reared 'goats, pigs and fowls', collected birds and their eggs.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C When Backhouse and Walker were landed on Flinders Island, 'close by the Settlement' a 'considerable number' of Aboriginal people were upon the beach.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C A 'corrobery' was held in which Aboriginal people 'represented certain events, or the manners of different animals: they had a horse dance, an emu dance, a thunder and lightening dance, and many others.'

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C This day 'a sealer from Guncarriage Island, came and took away a child that he had had' with an Aboriginal woman, and he 'would not be persuaded to leave the little girl under the care' or her mother, 'who was greatly distressed at parting' with her daughter.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

C Aboriginal men were 'rerequested to cease from wearing "bal-de-winny," that is red ochre and grease, in their hair, they had signified a willingness to do so, if they might have some other covering for their heads... Scotch Caps were distributed among them'.

Details

Description

Extended Data

Sources

Details

Description

Extended Data

The cutter Charlotte 'beat up between Maria Island and the main land' until the evening when they 'were cheered by lights on the coast, at the house of a settler, and at a whaling station, in Spring Bay'.

Backhouse and Walker received the sanction of the Lieutenant Governor to visit the 'Establishment' for Aboriginal people on Flinders Island in Bass Strait, and embarked in the 'Charlotte' cutter under the command of John Thornloe from Doncaster.

In the evening they 'passed Cape Raoul or Basaltes, a a magnificent mass of perpendicular basaltic columns, forming the south west point of Tasmans Peninsula'.

The cutter Charlotte 'put into Port Arthur, a penal settlement lately formed to receive prisoners' who had been transferred from a penal settlement on Maria Island.

Near Cape Pillar the cutter Charlotte 'fell in with the barque Bolina, of London, on her passage from New Zealand'.

While 'beating up the coast against a contrary wind' the cutter Charlotte was approached by the brig Helen, which was sailing with sugar from the Isle of France to Sydney. A boat was sent with a request for a bag of biscuit, as the brig Helen had 'run short of this necessary article'.

The approach of the cutter Charlotte to Flinders Island 'was hailed with joy' as supplies were low. Two boats approached, bringing the Commandant, Ensign William J. Darling, and surgeon A. McLachlan to meet the Charlotte.

On Preservation Island sealer James Munro and Aboriginal woman 'Jumbo' raised 'wheat, potatoes, and other vegetables near his house', reared 'goats, pigs and fowls', collected birds and their eggs.

When Backhouse and Walker were landed on Flinders Island, 'close by the Settlement' a 'considerable number' of Aboriginal people were upon the beach.

A 'corrobery' was held in which Aboriginal people 'represented certain events, or the manners of different animals: they had a horse dance, an emu dance, a thunder and lightening dance, and many others.'

This day 'a sealer from Guncarriage Island, came and took away a child that he had had' with an Aboriginal woman, and he 'would not be persuaded to leave the little girl under the care' or her mother, 'who was greatly distressed at parting' with her daughter.

Aboriginal men were 'rerequested to cease from wearing "bal-de-winny," that is red ochre and grease, in their hair, they had signified a willingness to do so, if they might have some other covering for their heads... Scotch Caps were distributed among them'.

On Sunday 14 October 1832 'the white population assembled in a place formed of branches, and used as a chapel', with several Aboriginal people present. In the evening, 'a number of' Aboriginal people joined Backhouse and Walker in the Commandant's hut.

An elderly Aboriginal woman who had been named 'Boatswain' by the sealers 'to whom she had long been in bondage', informed Backhouse and Walker 'by means of signs, and a few words in broken English' of the treatment of Aboriginal women by sealers.

Two Aboriginal women called 'Isaac' and 'Judy' by the sealers, had escaped from Green Island via a cutter's boat, and two other Aboriginal women had 'waded and swam from Green Island to the Settlement―a distance of three miles'.

Backhouse relates a relationship between 'Roomtya or Bet' and 'Trigoomipoonenah or Jackey' and the supply of food they provided the Commandant.

Backhouse and Walker received 'a few waddies and some shell necklaces' from Aboriginal people and gave 'presents in return'.

Sealer James Munro, Aborginal woman 'Jumbo', along with four other Aboriginal people, came on board the Charlotte and 'took tea' with Backhouse and Walker in their cabin.

The Charlotte left Green Island to return sealer James Munro and Aboriginal woman Jumbo to Preservation Island.